{"id":2347,"date":"2020-11-12T08:06:25","date_gmt":"2020-11-12T02:36:25","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/digiqure.com\/blog\/?p=2347"},"modified":"2022-08-02T17:09:52","modified_gmt":"2022-08-02T11:39:52","slug":"ankle-sprain-rehabilitation","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/digiqure.com\/blog\/ankle-sprain-rehabilitation","title":{"rendered":"Ankle Sprain Rehabilitation &#8211; PHYSIOTHERAPY PERSPECTIVE"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"2347\" class=\"elementor elementor-2347\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-625cd30 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"625cd30\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-a6e898c\" data-id=\"a6e898c\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-afc5dcd elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"afc5dcd\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<style>\/*! elementor - v3.15.0 - 20-08-2023 *\/\n.elementor-widget-text-editor.elementor-drop-cap-view-stacked .elementor-drop-cap{background-color:#69727d;color:#fff}.elementor-widget-text-editor.elementor-drop-cap-view-framed .elementor-drop-cap{color:#69727d;border:3px solid;background-color:transparent}.elementor-widget-text-editor:not(.elementor-drop-cap-view-default) .elementor-drop-cap{margin-top:8px}.elementor-widget-text-editor:not(.elementor-drop-cap-view-default) .elementor-drop-cap-letter{width:1em;height:1em}.elementor-widget-text-editor .elementor-drop-cap{float:left;text-align:center;line-height:1;font-size:50px}.elementor-widget-text-editor .elementor-drop-cap-letter{display:inline-block}<\/style>\t\t\t\t<h2>Introduction:<\/h2><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Ankle sprain is the most common type of ankle injury. A sprained ankle can happen to athletes and non-athletes and children and adults. Ankle is the 2nd most commonly injured body site. It is estimated that 80 to 85% of ankle sprains occur to the lateral ligaments. It is generally accepted that an inversion sprain is more severe, with greater instability. However, an inversion sprain is more common, with the lateral ligaments involved in 80 to 85 % of all ankle sprains.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The anterior talofibular ligament (ATFL) is the most commonly injured ligament.\u00a0<\/span><\/p><h2>Anatomy:\u00a0<\/h2><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The ankle complex includes three joints:\u00a0<\/span><\/p><ol><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><h3><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Talocrural (ankle) joint\u00a0<\/span><\/h3><\/li><\/ol><ul><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Synovial hinge joint between tibia, fibula, and talus.<\/span><\/li><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Inferior tibiofibular joint unites tibia and fibula into mortise\u00a0<\/span><\/li><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Talus is tenon within mortise of tibia + fibula\u00a0<\/span><\/li><\/ul><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Motion: Hinge joint: Extension (dorsiflexion) and flexion (plantar flexion)<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-43ac0a9 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"43ac0a9\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-21f8479\" data-id=\"21f8479\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-624bd20 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"624bd20\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<style>\/*! elementor - v3.15.0 - 20-08-2023 *\/\n.elementor-widget-image{text-align:center}.elementor-widget-image a{display:inline-block}.elementor-widget-image a img[src$=\".svg\"]{width:48px}.elementor-widget-image img{vertical-align:middle;display:inline-block}<\/style>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" fetchpriority=\"high\" width=\"627\" height=\"284\" src=\"https:\/\/digiqure.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/11\/1.png\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-2349\" alt=\"Ankle Sprain\" srcset=\"https:\/\/digiqure.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/11\/1.png 627w, https:\/\/digiqure.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/11\/1-300x136.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 627px) 100vw, 627px\" loading=\"eager\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-8ddf321 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"8ddf321\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-4f51022\" data-id=\"4f51022\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f08dc46 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"f08dc46\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<ol start=\"2\"><li><h3><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Subtalar joint:\u00a0<\/span><\/h3><\/li><\/ol><ul><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Synovial joint between talus and calcaneus\u00a0<\/span><\/li><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Divided into an anterior and posterior articulation separated by the sinus tarsi<\/span><\/li><\/ul><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Motion: Inversion, eversion, and anteroposterior gliding\u00a0<\/span><\/p><ol start=\"3\"><li><h3><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Inferior tibiofibular joint:\u00a0<\/span><\/h3><\/li><\/ol><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Distal parts of the fibula and tibia articulate to form fibrous Inferior tibiofibular joint (tibiofibular syndesmosis).<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-0754ad7 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"0754ad7\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-a69198a\" data-id=\"a69198a\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ea0f6e9 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"ea0f6e9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"627\" height=\"278\" src=\"https:\/\/digiqure.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/11\/2.png\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-2350\" alt=\"Distal parts of the fibula and tibia articulate to form fibrous Inferior tibiofibular joint (tibiofibular syndesmosis).\" srcset=\"https:\/\/digiqure.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/11\/2.png 627w, https:\/\/digiqure.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/11\/2-300x133.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 627px) 100vw, 627px\" loading=\"eager\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-119e624 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"119e624\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-5efdf13\" data-id=\"5efdf13\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6f7df84 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6f7df84\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h2>LIGAMENTS\u00a0<\/h2><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a03 sets of ligaments stabilize ankle complex:\u00a0<\/span><\/p><ol><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Lateral collateral ligaments\u00a0<\/span><\/li><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Medial collateral ligaments (deltoid ligaments)\u00a0<\/span><\/li><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Distal tibiofibular syndesmotic complex\u00a0<\/span><\/li><\/ol><h3><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Lateral collateral ligaments:\u00a0<\/span><\/h3><ul><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Stabilize ankle against inversion and anterior, posterior subluxation.<\/span><\/li><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Anterior talofibular ligament (ATFL): it is the main talar stabiliser. Stabilizes talus against anterior displacement, internal rotation, and inversion\u00a0<\/span><\/li><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Calcaneofibular ligament (CFL): secondary lateral restraint of subtalar joint\u00a0<\/span><\/li><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Posterior talofibular ligament (PTFL)\u00a0<\/span><\/li><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Lateral talocalcaneal ligament (LTCL)\u00a0<\/span><\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-e36cc7a elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"e36cc7a\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-e4eaced\" data-id=\"e4eaced\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ebce51d elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"ebce51d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"563\" height=\"436\" src=\"https:\/\/digiqure.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/11\/3.png\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-2351\" alt=\"LIGAMENTS 3 sets of ligaments stabilize ankle complex: Lateral collateral ligaments Medial collateral ligaments (deltoid ligaments) Distal tibiofibular syndesmotic complex Lateral collateral ligaments: Stabilize ankle against inversion and anterior, posterior subluxation. Anterior talofibular ligament (ATFL): it is the main talar stabiliser. Stabilizes talus against anterior displacement, internal rotation, and inversion Calcaneofibular ligament (CFL): secondary lateral restraint of subtalar joint Posterior talofibular ligament (PTFL) Lateral talocalcaneal ligament (LTCL)\" srcset=\"https:\/\/digiqure.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/11\/3.png 563w, https:\/\/digiqure.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/11\/3-300x232.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 563px) 100vw, 563px\" loading=\"eager\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-cdb1d07 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"cdb1d07\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-ddca902\" data-id=\"ddca902\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9261870 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"9261870\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h3>Medial collateral ligaments (deltoid ligament):<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0<\/span><\/h3><ul><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Divided into superficial and deep components\u00a0<\/span><\/li><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Superficial: From superficial margin of medial malleolus, provide rotational stability.<\/span><\/li><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Deep: Posterior and anterior tibiotalar ligaments. prevent joint eversion.<\/span><\/li><\/ul><h3>Tibiofibular syndesmotic ligaments:\u00a0<\/h3><ul><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Maintain width of ankle mortise, stabilize against eversion\u00a0<\/span><\/li><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Anterior and posterior inferior tibiofibular ligaments\u00a0<\/span><\/li><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Inferior transverse ligament: Distal to main posterior tibiofibular ligament\u00a0<\/span><\/li><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Interosseous ligament: Distal thickening of syndesmotic membrane.<\/span><\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-b80ef1b elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"b80ef1b\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-4cf140a\" data-id=\"4cf140a\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-dc5dc05 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"dc5dc05\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"621\" height=\"406\" src=\"https:\/\/digiqure.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/11\/4.png\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-2352\" alt=\"RANGE OF MOTION:\" srcset=\"https:\/\/digiqure.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/11\/4.png 621w, https:\/\/digiqure.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/11\/4-300x196.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 621px) 100vw, 621px\" loading=\"eager\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-1fe40dd elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"1fe40dd\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-c3fb575\" data-id=\"c3fb575\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-fe14324 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"fe14324\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h3>RANGE OF MOTION:\u00a0<\/h3><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Primary plane motions include:\u00a0<\/span><\/p><ul><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Sagittal plane motion: dorsiflexion (15\u00b0- 25\u00b0) and plantar fiexion (50\u00b0-55\u00b0)\u00a0<\/span><\/li><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Frontal plane motion is inversion (35\u00b0) and eversion (20\u00b0)\u00a0<\/span><\/li><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Transverse plane motion is abduction (10\u00b0) and adduction (20\u00b0)\u00a0<\/span><\/li><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Triplanar motions occurring about oblique axes defined:\u00a0<\/span><\/li><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Pronation (20\u00b0) is a combination of dorsiflexion, eversion, and abduction.\u00a0<\/span><\/li><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Supination (35\u00b0) is a combination of plantar flexion, inversion, and adduction.\u00a0<\/span><\/li><\/ul><h2>Classification\u00a0<\/h2><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Ankle sprain classified in to:\u00a0<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Low ankle sprain:\u00a0<\/span><\/p><ul><li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Lateral ankle sprain \u201cclassic sprain\u201d 80% to 85% <\/span><\/li><li>Medial ankle sprain 5% to 10%\u00a0<\/li><\/ul><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0High ankle sprain:<\/span><\/p><ul><li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0Syndesmotic sprain 5% to 10%<\/span><\/li><\/ul><p>\u00a0<\/p><h3>Lateral ankle sprain<b>:\u00a0<\/b><\/h3><ul><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The most common mechanism of ankle injury is inversion of the plantar-flexed foot.\u00a0<\/span><\/li><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The anterior talofibular ligament is the first or only ligament to be injured in the majority of ankle sprains.\u00a0<\/span><\/li><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Stronger forces lead to combined ruptures of the anterior talofibular ligament and the calcaneofibular ligament.<\/span><\/li><\/ul><p>\u00a0<\/p><h2>Medial ankle sprain<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0<\/span><\/h2><ul><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The medial deltoid ligament complex is the strongest of the ankle ligaments and is infrequently injured.\u00a0<\/span><\/li><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Forced eversion of the ankle can cause damage to this structure but more commonly results in an avulsion fracture of the medial malleolus because of the strength of the deltoid ligament.<\/span><\/li><\/ul><p>\u00a0<\/p><h2>High ankle sprain (Syndesmotic sprain)<\/h2><ul><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Dorsiflexion and\/or eversion of the ankle may cause sprain of the syndesmotic structures.\u00a0<\/span><\/li><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">There generally tends to be less swelling with a high ankle sprain, however there tends to be pain that is more severe and longer lasting.\u00a0<\/span><\/li><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Syndesmotic ligament injuries contribute to chronic ankle instability and are more likely to result in recurrent ankle sprain and the formation of heterotopic ossification.<\/span><\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-266e6a3 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"266e6a3\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-228d3ff\" data-id=\"228d3ff\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7566c4e elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"7566c4e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"623\" height=\"200\" src=\"https:\/\/digiqure.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/11\/5.png\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-2353\" alt=\"Clinical features:\" srcset=\"https:\/\/digiqure.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/11\/5.png 623w, https:\/\/digiqure.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/11\/5-300x96.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 623px) 100vw, 623px\" loading=\"eager\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-0d6750e elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"0d6750e\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-3dc2b3f\" data-id=\"3dc2b3f\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-af701b3 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"af701b3\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h2>Clinical features:<\/h2><ul><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Pain (rest and weight bearing)<\/span><\/li><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Swelling<\/span><\/li><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Redness , ecchymosis<\/span><\/li><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Instability<\/span><\/li><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Weakness<\/span><\/li><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Impaired proprioception and postural control<\/span><\/li><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Activity limitation and participation restriction<\/span><\/li><\/ul><h2>Grading of Ankle Sprain:\u00a0<\/h2><ol><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><h3><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Grade I sprain:\u00a0<\/span><\/h3><\/li><\/ol><ul><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It represents a microscopic injury without stretching of the ligament on a macroscopic level.<\/span><\/li><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Patients have mild\/little swelling and tenderness with little impact on function.<\/span><\/li><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">There is no joint instability on examination, and the patient is able to bear weight and ambulate with minimal pain.\u00a0<\/span><\/li><\/ul><ol><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><h3><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Grade II sprain\u00a0<\/span><\/h3><\/li><\/ol><ul><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It has macroscopic stretching, but the ligament remains intact.<\/span><\/li><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Moderate pain, swelling, tenderness, ecchymosis and reduced proprioception, ROM and mild to moderate joint instability.\u00a0<\/span><\/li><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Weight bearing and ambulation are painful.<\/span><\/li><\/ul><ol><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><h3>Grade III sprain\u00a0<\/h3><\/li><\/ol><ul><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0Involves a complete tear of a ligament.\u00a0<\/span><\/li><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0Patients have severe pain, large swelling, high tenderness, and ecchymosis.\u00a0<\/span><\/li><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">There is significant mechanical instability on exams and significant loss of\u00a0 function and motion. Patients are unable to bear weight or ambulate.<\/span><\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-acd8387 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"acd8387\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-8834b31\" data-id=\"8834b31\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4be808d elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"4be808d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"625\" height=\"429\" src=\"https:\/\/digiqure.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/11\/6.png\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-2354\" alt=\"Grading of Ankle Sprain:\" srcset=\"https:\/\/digiqure.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/11\/6.png 625w, https:\/\/digiqure.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/11\/6-300x206.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 625px) 100vw, 625px\" loading=\"eager\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-90ccd26 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"90ccd26\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-5a07266\" data-id=\"5a07266\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3bb633e elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"3bb633e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h2>Assessment<\/h2><ol><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">To assess the degree of instability.\u00a0<\/span><\/li><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Grade of ligament damage.\u00a0<\/span><\/li><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Identify any reduction in range of motion or reduced strength.\u00a0<\/span><\/li><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Identify any other additional or associated injuries such as an avulsion fracture where a piece of bone at the end of a ligament has come away from the main.<\/span><\/li><\/ol><h2>History Taking:<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0<\/span><\/h2><ul><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">How did it happen?\u00a0<\/span><\/li><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Was there any pain at the time?\u00a0<\/span><\/li><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Was the pain sudden onset or gradual?\u00a0<\/span><\/li><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Was there any swelling and was it sudden onset or gradual? &#8211; a sudden swelling often indicates a bleeding into the joint rather than a gradual increase in synovial fluid within the joint.\u00a0<\/span><\/li><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Did you hear any noises? &#8211; this could indicate ligaments tearing or bone breaking.\u00a0<\/span><\/li><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Did you apply any emergency procedures such as RICE?\u00a0<\/span><\/li><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Is there anything you do which makes it worse \/ better?<\/span><\/li><\/ul><h2>Physical Examination:<\/h2><ul><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">There is swelling, ecchymosis and tenderness on the affected site.<\/span><\/li><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The degree of swelling or ecchymosis is proportional to the likelihood of fracture.\u00a0<\/span><\/li><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Palpation should include bony landmarks such as the lateral malleolus, medial malleolus, the fibula, the fifth metatarsal and the physis in skeletally immature patients.<\/span><\/li><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Achilles tendon, peroneal tendons, and posterior tibial t<\/span><\/li><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">endon should also be palpated.<\/span><\/li><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Tenderness over the anterior joint line or syndesmosis may indicate a sprain\u00a0 of the interosseous membrane.<\/span><\/li><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Recurrent sprains often have very little swelling.<\/span><\/li><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">An individual with an ankle sprain can almost always walk on the foot carefully with pain.<\/span><\/li><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Grade III ankle sprains often include an audible snap followed by pain and swelling.<\/span><\/li><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">A careful neurologic examination is essential to rule out loss of sensation or motor weakness, as peroneal nerve and tibial nerve injuries are sometimes seen with severe lateral ankle sprains.<\/span><\/li><\/ul><h2>Special Tests:<\/h2><p>\u00a0<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-25edd65 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"25edd65\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-8dff9ad\" data-id=\"8dff9ad\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-755195b elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"755195b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h3>Anterior Draw Test<\/h3><p><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Purpose: <\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">To test for ligamentous laxity or instability in the ankle. This\u00a0<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Test primarily assesses the strength of the Anterior Talofibular Ligament.<\/span><\/p><p><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Diagnostic Accuracy: <\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Sensitivity: 71%; Specificity: 33%<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-26aae31\" data-id=\"26aae31\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-aeeb3ff elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"aeeb3ff\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"194\" height=\"193\" src=\"https:\/\/digiqure.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/11\/8.png\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-2356\" alt=\"Anterior Draw Test\" srcset=\"https:\/\/digiqure.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/11\/8.png 194w, https:\/\/digiqure.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/11\/8-150x150.png 150w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 194px) 100vw, 194px\" loading=\"eager\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-88984e1 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"88984e1\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-d8d2c61\" data-id=\"d8d2c61\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2ee100e elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"2ee100e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"219\" height=\"265\" src=\"https:\/\/digiqure.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/11\/9.png\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-2357\" alt=\"Talar Tilt test\" loading=\"eager\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-d75aeb0\" data-id=\"d75aeb0\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8e10230 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"8e10230\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h3>Talar Tilt test<\/h3><p><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Purpose: <\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The talar tilt test detects excessive ankle inversion. If the ligament tear extends posteriorly into the calcaneofibular portion of the lateral ligament, the lateral ankle is unstable and talar tilt occurs.\u00a0<\/span><\/p><p><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Diagnostic Accuracy: <\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Sensitivity: 67%; Specificity: 75%<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-39f7920 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"39f7920\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-fdefc7b\" data-id=\"fdefc7b\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-bb2f82f elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"bb2f82f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h3>External Rotation Stress Test:<\/h3><p><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Purpose: <\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">To help identify the tibiofibular Syndesmotic injury(high ankle sprain).<\/span><\/p><p><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Diagnostic Accuracy: <\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0Sensitivity: 20%; Specificity: 84.5%<\/span><\/p><p><br \/><br \/><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-3b991bf\" data-id=\"3b991bf\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ef1324d elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"ef1324d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"219\" height=\"263\" src=\"https:\/\/digiqure.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/11\/10.png\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-2358\" alt=\"External Rotation Stress Test:\" loading=\"eager\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-72cdfd9 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"72cdfd9\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-45fec95\" data-id=\"45fec95\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a32019b elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"a32019b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"217\" height=\"279\" src=\"https:\/\/digiqure.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/11\/11.png\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-2359\" alt=\"Squeeze (Hopkin\u2019s) Test\" loading=\"eager\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-3fa87e9\" data-id=\"3fa87e9\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-49b9862 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"49b9862\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h3>Squeeze (Hopkin\u2019s) Test<\/h3><p><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Purpose: <\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">To help identify inferior Tibiofibular Syndesmotic injury, consisting of compression of the fibula against the labia at the mid-calf level producing pain in the syndesmosis.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-3632646 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"3632646\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-299b80d\" data-id=\"299b80d\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8ac50d2 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"8ac50d2\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h2>IMAGING<\/h2><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">MRIs, CT scans, Bone scans, and arthrograms all have diagnostic utility for specific injuries (fractures; avulsions; talar dome fracture) but have little role in the initial evaluation of ankle sprains.<\/span><\/p><h2>Management:<b><\/b><\/h2><ul><li><h3>Conservative Management:<\/h3><\/li><\/ul><ul><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Initial Management: The initial management of ankle sprain requires the pricier regimen;<\/span><\/li><\/ul><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">P = Protection\u2026 crutches, splint or brace<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">R = Rest\u2026<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">I = Ice\u2026 20minutes every 2 hours<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">C = Compression\u2026<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">E = Elevation \u2026<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">R = Rehabilitation \u2026<\/span><\/p><ul><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><h5><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">This is probably( the single most important in treatment, particularly with grade I and grade II injuries).<\/span><\/h5><\/li><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Pain and swelling can be reduced with the use of electrotherapeutic modalities.<\/span><\/li><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Analgesics(NSAID) may be required.<\/span><\/li><\/ul><ul><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><h4><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Restoring Full Range of Motion:<\/span><\/h4><ul><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The patient may be non-weight-bearing on crutches for the first 24hours but should then commence partial weight-bearing in normal heel-toe gait.\u00a0<\/span><\/li><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It will be necessary from this stage to protect the damaged joint with strapping or bracing.<\/span><\/li><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">As soon as pain allows, active range of motion exercises can be performed.<\/span><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><ul><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><h4><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Muscle Conditioning:<\/span><\/h4><ul><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Strengthening exercises should be performed as soon as pain allows.<\/span><\/li><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Active exercises should be performed initially with gradually increasing resistance.<\/span><\/li><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Exercise should include plantarflexion and initially with gradually increasing resistance.<\/span><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><ul><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><h4><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Functional Exercise:<\/span><\/h4><ul><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Functional exercises (e.g. jumping, hoping, twisting, figure-of-eight running) should be commenced when the athlete is pain-free, has full range of motion and adequate muscle strength and proprioception.<\/span><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><ul><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><h3><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Treatment of grade III injuries:<\/span><\/h3><\/li><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Treatment of grade III ankle injuries requires initial conservative management over a six-week period.<\/span><\/li><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">If the patient continues to make good progress and is able to perform sporting activities with the aid of taping or bracing and without persistent during or following activity, surgery may not be required.<\/span><\/li><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">If, however, despite appropriate rehabilitation and protection, the patient complaint of recurrent episodes of instability or persistent pain, then surgical reconstruction is indicated.<\/span><\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-403a35c elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"403a35c\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-d8b2f42\" data-id=\"d8b2f42\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-210abfa elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"210abfa\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h2>Max. protection phase:<\/h2><p>1-3 days<\/p><p>PRICE formula. Protection with a splint. Icing every 2hours during 1st 48hours. Elevation to reduce swelling. Gentle mobilization to inhibit pain. Partial WB with crutches. Muscle-setting Techniques.<\/p><h2>Mod. Protection phase:<\/h2><p>4-10 days<\/p><p>Non weight bearing AROM. Cross-fiber massage. Grade 2 joint mobilization. Toa curls. Seated calf stretches. Endurance training. Strengthening exercises of intrinsic foot muscles.<\/p><h2>Min. protection phase:<\/h2><p>11-21 days<\/p><p>Weight bearing as tolerated. Initiate Eccentric exercise. Toe walks. Subtalar mobilization. Tape or Brace for sports or other strenuous activities. Proprioception\/balanced board exercise.<\/p><h2>Return to activity<\/h2><p>3-8 weeks<\/p><p>Weight bearing as tolerated. Agility drills. Advanced Exercise; Static to Dynamic. Isokinetic resistance training. Specific sport training. Protective bracing for participation into a sports.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-0ee5ff2 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"0ee5ff2\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-b7bd7a1\" data-id=\"b7bd7a1\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2928cf2 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"2928cf2\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h5><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Medical ankle sprain and high ankle sprain can be treated conservatively as lateral ankle sprain by PRICER protocol but time of full recovery and return to function may extend to twice that of classic ankle sprain.<\/span><\/h5>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Introduction: Ankle sprain is the most common type of ankle injury. A sprained ankle can happen to athletes and non-athletes and children and adults. Ankle is the 2nd most commonly injured body site. It is estimated that 80 to 85% of ankle sprains occur to the lateral ligaments. It is generally accepted that an inversion &hellip;<\/p>\n<p class=\"read-more\"> <a class=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/digiqure.com\/blog\/ankle-sprain-rehabilitation\"> <span class=\"screen-reader-text\">Ankle Sprain Rehabilitation &#8211; PHYSIOTHERAPY PERSPECTIVE<\/span> Read More &raquo;<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":16,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"default","ast-site-content-layout":"","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"default","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[5],"tags":[90,92,91],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/digiqure.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2347"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/digiqure.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/digiqure.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/digiqure.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/16"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/digiqure.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2347"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/digiqure.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2347\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/digiqure.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2347"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/digiqure.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2347"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/digiqure.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2347"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}